Page 17 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

THE JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES: THEORY AND PRACTICE, V.70, # 2, 2013, pp. 4-31

Monotheist time

One-side directed cycle

Regress
Past Future

Non-material world Past Present Future Non-material
or paradise world or paradise

Material or current wold

Picture 4. Theological time model

If the progress theory was treated as a movement from the primary stage to the more superior
and a transfer to more development stages during the early periods of the modernism, during the

recent periods it was treated as a basic theory for determination of historical dynamics.

In general from the economic time flow point of view the philosophical understanding of
the idea of progress has two distinct forms:

1. Believe in endless, limitless and infinite development line;

2. Belief in development directed into the formation of high level society.
In general, during the understanding of the meaning of the “high level society”, the

identification of the difference between it and the first one is quite difficult task.
P.Tillich calls utopia the idea of the progress related to the second form of the “high level

society: “The utopia being a form of the progress has a define goal: to reach such level of historical
development, where all uncertainties of the life can be resolved” [Tillich P. 1995. p.239-240].

The endlessness of the historical progress was reflected by V.Hegel in his dialectic trine

(thesis → antithesis→ synthesis). At the same time, the absence of the end in the process of the
progress was mentioned by new Keynesians as well. According to this approach, the present is a

creative process derived from the total human activity, which never ends.
In general, the approach described in short above is similar to the theological approach to

the future. Thus coming from the Marx-Hegel and theological approach we can conclude that the
united world time will come to its end point (break point) after the certain period, end and

transferring to the other measurement unit will lose its meaning.

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