Page 30 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

R.T.Huseynov: The socio-economic factors and innovative technologies in improving fatty
acid profiles of common foodstuffs

external or environmental stimuli, thus, any change that may negatively impair

cellular function is detrimental to promotion of growth and development. From this

principle, it can be observed that chronic cardiovascular disease remain a challenge in

middle-to-high income communities (Willet et al., 2006) due to certain lifestyles

despite an improved education on diet regulating, especially sugars, fats and fatty

acids. Willet et al. (2006) observed a high incidence of cardiovascular disease among

many communities in developed world. Overwhelming evidence from experimental

results in the developed countries has linked lifestyle characteristics such as smoking,

alcohol and lack of physical activity to high incidence of cardiovascular diseases

(Kromhout, Menotti, Kesteloot, & Sans, 2002). Consumption of improved diet,

especially, an increased omega-3 PUFA or polar lipids intake will have less impact on

cardiovascular outcomes provided lifestyle activities remain the same. To prevent the

occurrences of these diseases it is important to avoid tobacco, maintain a healthy

weight avoiding obesity, having daily physical activity, eating a healthy diet

containing high polar lipids and n − 3 PUFA (marine fish and oils), fruit and

vegetables, cereal and high fibre content, whilst maintaining a reduced saturated

and trans-fatty acid, sugars and sodium concentration (Willet et al., 2006).

3. Fatty acids relevance to food ‘secure’ and food ‘insecure’ regions

The provision of a balance diet is crucial in qualifying any food system in terms of

food and nutrition security. This is especially relevant to most agro-dependent

communities who mostly reside in rural African and Asian states. These communities

are considered resource poor and at times depend on food-aid for supplementary

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