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79. Ibrahim Niftiye: Descriptive Analysis of Employment in Azerbaijan: Possibilities of the Dutch Disease

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Table 2: Descriptive statistics of the employees Figure 5: Distribution of the employees across
throughout the economy, 2000—2018 the economic sectors, thsd. persons, 2000-2018
In cumulative %, 2000 year being 100%
160 1400

Mining Manufacturing Services 140 1200
Agriculture 120

Observation 100 1000
number (n) 18 18 18 18 800
Min 86.74 53.10 105.37 23.18 80
Max 105.00 79.71 137.10 73.56 600
Range -18.25 -26.61 -31.73 -50.37 60
Mean 94.36 70.36 125.35 47.32 400
Mode 96.69 #N/A #N/A #N/A 40
Median 91.60 72.51 126.46 47.94 200
Standard 20
Deviation 6.94 6.97 10.65 10.66
0 0
Variance
48.13 48.59 113.35 113.53
Coefficient
of Variation 0.07 0.10 0.08 0.23 Mining
Skewness 0.41 -0.82 -0.53 0.30 Manufacturing
Agriculture
Kurtosis -1.64 0.48 -0.96 2.10 Services
Source: Author’s calculations based on the SSCRA data. Source: SSCRA, author’s own calculations

Table 2 shows the results of the descriptive statistical analysis of the cumulative
growth rates (2000=100%). Similarly, the highest range was in agriculture and
services, while mining showed the lowest one. Compared to the worst performer,
which was agriculture (47.32), the mean cumulative growth rate was 125.35 % in
services. The variability of the cumulative growth was the highest in agriculture (0.23,
measured by the coefficient of variation) and manufacturing (0.10), while mining and
services shared close values (0.07 and 0.08, respectively). Compared to the year on
year growth rate dynamics, the skewness in the cumulative growth rate indicates that
services had a negative value (-0.53). Lower kurtosis values could be observed in
mining and services, while manufacturing and agriculture had positive values.

Furthermore, Figure 6 demonstrates the extension of the linear relationship between
REER and employment in economic sectors. REER was negatively correlated with
mining, manufacturing, and agriculture employment but positively associated with
the services sector. On the diagonal of Figure 6, the distribution of the data
(according to the position on the Y-axis) have been described. REER has a normal
distribution, while other variables have a skewed shape. Thus, the negative slope for
the relationship between REER and mining indicates the absence of direct de-
industrialization of the resource movement effect of Dutch disease. However, the

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