Page 42 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

THE JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES: THEORY AND PRACTICE, V.81, # 2, 2024, pp. 30-59

Table 2 Summary Descriptive Statistics
Variables Full Sample Women Sub Men Sub
Sample Sample
Mean Std. Dev. Mean Std. Dev. Mean Std.
Dev.
Outcome Variable
Log of agricultural prod 5.849 1.640 5.744 1.576 5.880 1.657
Endogeneous variable
Women empowerment .098 .977 .426 .881 -.014 .984
Instrument for the endogeneous variable
Cost of consultation_mpu 6.738 .945 6.772 .909 6.722 .961
Variables used to construct Women Empowerment Indicator
Formal edu (1= yes) .066 .249 .052 .223 .071 .258
Professional edu (1= yes) .457 .498 .312 .463 .507 .499
Responsibility in association .125 .332 .099 .298 .135 .342
Assistance from family .826 .378 .876 .329 .809 .393
Assistance from friends .777 .415 .782 .413 .776 .416
Religious asso (1= yes) .282 .449 .335 .472111 .263 .441
Support from association .375 .484 .418 .493 .361 .480
Saving (1 = yes) .038 .192 .034 .183 .039 .195
Shareholder (1= yes) .256 .436 1 0 0 0
Exogeneous Characteristics
Access to financing .064 .303 .053 .254 .068 .318
Married (1 =yes) .577 .493 .211 .408 .703 .456
Access to credit 31.842 1027.30 8.131 129.82 40.011 1188.
6
Non poor (1= yes) .709 .454 .743 .436 .697 .459
Log of fertilizer used 8.349 .455 8.286 .420 8.371 .465
Modern equipment .0766 .265 .076 .266 .076 .265
Agric primary activity 2.301 3.210 1.819 2.211 2.467 3.474
Log of cost of seeds 1.806 1.165 1.707 1.053 1.83 1.194
Log of farm size 9.682 .602 9.585 .624 9.71 .590
Cost of fertilizer 8.967 126.16 3.899 49.851 10.713 143.2
Agricultural training 201.45 100.466 213.9 103.8 197.161 98.92
Household size 4.393 3.025 3.587 2.357 4.670 3.17
7
Age 42.01 15.43 45.67 16.466 40.74 14.85
Use specialized seeds .043 .203 .034 .181 .046 .209
Urban residence .370 .482 .366 .482 .371 .483
Control Variables (Predicted residuals and interaction terms)
Predicted women empowerment 1.94e-10 .963 .318 .903 -.138 .956
residual
Women empowerment* .926 1.441 .868 1.237 .952 1.522
Predicted women empowerment
residual
Observation 11391 11391 3041 3041 8350 8350
Computed by author from ECAM4, using STATA 14.2

However due to their physical demands of child-bearing and child-rearing
responsibilities limit their ability to obtain and pursue formal employment, hence
women become confined to economic activities in which the uncertainty of being able
to work is relatively unimportant such as agriculture. This explains why the greater
percentage of women are involved in agriculture are married.

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