Page 9 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

THE JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES: THEORY AND PRACTICE, V.71, # 2, 2014, pp. 5-20

It should be noted that, formed manufactures acted like monopolists which states gave

them benefits and also protected them with the protectionism external trade by state. By the laws

of French which restricted production, import or sale of pattern roman piece the range of

punishment could change from heavy forced labour and put in prison to death penalty.

According to some observations, 16 thousand smugglers and illegal producers of pattern roman

piece were killed by the French government only during a ten-year anniversary of the XVIII

century. In addition, more people have been exiled to colony or otherwise punished [E. De Soto.

2001. p.101]. However despite privileges and regulation, the manufactures gradually connected

lines and signs of capitalist entrepreneurship itself. Various manufactures began to work for

global market (for example, cloth industries of England and silk industries of France).

The weakening position of workshop production increased in XVIII century. This process

intensively developed especially in England in which parliament was against monopolies. Starting

from the end of the XVII century English king was deprived of the opportunity of distribution

of monopoly rights and at the beginning of the XVIII century the monopolies were cancelled in all

new industrial areas. But, in old industrial areas (for example, wool industry), also in primitive

industry monopoly rights and privileges were held up to the end of the XVIII century, though were

weakened. Restrictions on industry and handicraft sector in England were completely cancelled

only in 1814. Entrepreneurs got the right to produce any commodity and sell them in any place for

free. However, essentially this situation already was the formal strengthening of existing situation.

Including the monopoly of workshops, the cancel process of monopoly rights was in

lower speed in other countries of Western Europe (except Holland). Turqo government in France

cancelled workshops in 1775-1776. But after resignation of Turqo the activity of workshops

restored again. Workshops were strictly cancelled in the course of French revolution. Workshops

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